Futures:
Future with will, going to, Present Simple, Present Continuous
There are several ways of referring to future time in English.
1. Prediction.
At the present time we expect something to happen.
2. Future fact.
-
Will can be used with a verb + ing to say that something
will be in progress at a future time.
We'll be waiting for you.
-
Will + have + past participle is used to talk about something completed
in the future.
By this time next month we'll have finished writing.
3. Promises, spontaneous decisions about the future
I haven't got time to meet him tomorrow.
OK, I'll meet him myself.
4. Intentions
-
Going to is used to refer to a future events for which we have present
evidence
-
Going to can suggest great determination
They are going to become the leading database
software developers.
5. Fixed arrangements and future certainties
-
The present simple is often used in connection with travel or other activities
that involve a schedule.
The plane to Minneapolis leaves at 15.05 and
arrives at 18.15.
-
An infinitive can also be used to talk abou it definite arrangement; it
makes arrangement sound offcial.
You are to be here at 9.30.
We are to see Mr. Kaffenbenger at his
office tomorrow.
6. Future plans
When are you going? On Sunday.
I am seeing the secretary tomorrow.
7. The choice of the future form is not always easy. Sometimes it's possible
to use more than one - at other times only one is possible.
The company will be 50 years old next Monday. (future
fact)
The Company is 50 years old next Monday. (absolutely
definite)
We are going to establish a joint venture in Moscow.
(intention)
We are establishing a joint venture in Moscow. (plan)
We're going to become the world's leading software
developer. (intention)
We will become the world's leading software developer.
(promise or possible future fact)
8. These are some of the restrictions in the choice.
-
We do not use present continuous to make predictions nor to make promises.
Note. However this is acceptable in AmE
-
It is not possible to announce spontaneous decisions using going to
/ the present continuous / the present simple
Note. However first two are acceptable in AmE.
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