ccTLD Management BOP overview
Yuri Demchenko
demch@cad.ntu-kpi-kiev.ua
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ccTLD |
Organisation, contact addresses |
English |
List/number of Domain Registered |
Number of Registrar |
Registration entity |
Automation |
DB/Whois |
Pricing scheme |
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Membership due |
Registration fee |
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.am |
NA |
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.at |
www.nic.at ACONET |
short resume |
Hostcount - !!!! file 731KB |
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Copy Of RIPE DB |
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.az |
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.be |
www.dns.be DNS-BE Registration Office |
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Domain Statistics (hostcount, registered Domains, New Domains) |
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.bg |
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.by |
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.ch (.li) |
www.nic.ch SWITCH |
whole |
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Local + RIPE |
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Initial -CHF80 Reccuring - CHF 48/Yr VAT included Rem - 30 days Deletion - 90 Aggregated for ISP |
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.cz |
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.de |
www.nic.de |
Full |
hostcount (src: RIPE) Own Statistics List of connected domains and search for all registered |
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no warning for incorrct request e.g. &.de |
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.dk |
www.dk-hostmaster.dk |
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.ee |
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.es |
www.nic.es Centro de Comunicaciones CSIC RedIRIS |
Es only |
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Only organisations. Not individual, not part of org. One domain per org. |
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12,000 pts (new DN) 8,000 (annual) |
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.fi |
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registration only via ISP - AFNIC member |
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.fr |
www.nic.fr AFNIC Association Francaise pour le Nimmage Internet on Cooperation |
Single pages |
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2 Options based on Yr membership adhesion Option 1 30,000 FFR (+VAT) Option 2 2,000 FFR (+VAT) |
Option 1 +(380FFR/domain_creation - 300FFR/dom_deleg(ISP) - 100FFR/Yr Option 2 +(1200FFR/domain_creation - 300FFR/dom_deleg(ISP) - 100FFR/Yr |
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.ge |
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.gr |
www.hostmaster.gr FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY HELLAS INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER SCIENCE |
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search only for ÿвные names |
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totally cost-free |
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.hu |
www.nic.hu |
Only general Info |
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32 registrars (list) |
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.ie |
www.ucd.ie/hostmaster/ University College Dublin |
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.il |
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.is |
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.it |
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.lt |
vingis.sc-uni.ktu.lt/domreg/ |
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Only organisations |
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Lt200+VAT (initial) Lt80 (annual) |
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.lu |
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.lv |
www.nic.lv/DNS Inst. Of Math and CS |
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Form |
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100USD/Ls60/Dom_reg 50USD/Ls30/Dom_recurr. Rem - 30days Deletion/Hold - 60 days |
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.md |
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.mk |
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.mt |
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.nl |
www.domain-registry.nl Stichnting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland |
A few pages |
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.no |
www.uninett.n0/navn/ NORID |
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> 1200 |
Only organisation or part (with mailing address in Norway). Not individuals |
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450 Nok (directly) 300 NOK (via ISP) 100 NOK (annual fee) 90 days Domain hold. |
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.pl |
www.nask.pl/NASK/net/ NASK |
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HTM-template Form |
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300 Zl (initial) 150ZL (recur) 50ZL (regional) |
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.pt |
www.dns.pt FCCN - Fundacao para a Computacao Cientifica Nacional |
Pt |
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3432 (graphical, table) |
Legal institutions, departments should register under organisation’s domain. |
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7500$00 per domain ??? |
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.ro |
www.rnc.ro RNC - Romanian National Research and Development Network |
En |
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Form |
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50$ (DN) 25$ (IP) |
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.ru |
www.ripn.net/nic/ RIPN |
Partly |
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.se |
www.nic-se.se/ |
Sweden |
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.si |
www.arnes.si/si-domene/ ARNES |
Not |
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.sk |
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.tj |
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.tm |
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.tr |
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.ua |
nic.ua.net |
Partly |
List of registered SLD - 43 |
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NDefined |
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Payment directly to IANA |
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.uk |
www.nic.uk Nominet UK JANET (.ac.uk, .gov.uk) |
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Automated application processing |
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.uk |
www.ja.net/documents/naming/ JANET (.ac.uk, .gov.uk) |
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no reccurent only initial charge |
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.uz |
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.yu |
ubbg.etf.bg.ac.yu/yu-tld/ |
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Only Yugoslavian organisation. Only active domains. |
Form |
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Free 30 days registration period |
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Organisation, contact addresses |
English |
List/number of Domain Registered |
Number of Registrar |
Registration entity |
Automation |
DB/Whois |
Membership due |
Registration fee |
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Best documentation
collection and DN Registration Rules
1. .NO - http://www.uninett.no/navn/name-policy.html - regulations and DN policy
2. .NL - http://www.domain-registry.nl/regulations.html - regulations
3. .UK - http://www.nic.uk/ - DN policy and Dispute resolution
4. .CH - http://www.nic.ch/ - DN policy and Dispute resolution
5. .LV - http://www.nic.lv/DNS/ - complete collection of Docs
6. .RU - http://www.ripn.net/nic/ - complete collection of Docs and translation in Russian
7. .ES - http://www.nic.es/ - complete collection of Docs in Spanish only
ccTLD Management BOP overview
Yuri Demchenko
demch@cad.ntu-kpi-kiev.ua
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ccTLD |
Country |
English |
Naming policy |
Documentation |
DNS testing |
Trademarks issues / Dispute resolution |
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Name restrictions |
Generic SLD/Subdomains |
Recommendations |
Domain naming weakness |
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.am |
NA |
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.at |
www.nic.at ACONET |
short resume |
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ac.at, gv.at, priv.at |
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STD DNS netiquet |
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.az |
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.be |
www.dns.be DNS-BE Registration Office |
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Good identification of organisation |
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.bg |
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.by |
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.ch (.li) |
www.nic.ch SWITCH |
whole |
less 3 characters more 24 chars spec. chars hyphen is 1st/last bad taste name deceptive name offendive name TM, SM |
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3-24 letters (a…z, 0…9) |
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Complete |
Obligatory testing Prim and Sec DNS |
Liability max CHF500 |
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.cz |
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.de |
www.nic.de |
Full |
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BAD CP DN begin digit |
DN using digits only and digits in the beginning |
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Review, contacts |
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.dk |
www.dk-hostmaster.dk |
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BAD CP DN begin digit |
DN using digits only and digits in the beginning |
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Domain transfer |
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.ee |
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.es |
www.nic.es Centro de Comunicaciones CSIC RedIRIS |
Es only |
Generic domains, geographical names, generic names and wellknown abbreviation, or org. names. Offensive names, |
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STD syntax min 3, recommended 5. Max 63, rec. 24 recommended name construct: name of org, TM, SM, composite names with prefix of suffix -sa, -sl, -sc, fundacion, -fund, asociacion-, asoc-; product’s Int’l identificator (-38, -c38, clase38). |
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.fi |
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.fr |
www.nic.fr AFNIC Association Francaise pour le Nimmage Internet on Cooperation |
Single pages |
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.ge |
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.gr |
www.hostmaster.gr FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY HELLAS INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER SCIENCE |
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[com.gr], [edu.gr], [net.gr], [org.gr] |
min 3 characters |
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.hu |
www.nic.hu |
Only general Info |
generic names, etc. (En, Hu) |
.hu, .co.hu, .org.hu, .priv.hu, .info.hu, .sport.hu, .tm.hu, .nui.hu |
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.ie |
www.ucd.ie/hostmaster/ University College Dublin |
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.il |
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.is |
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.it |
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.lt |
vingis.sc-uni.ktu.lt/domreg/ |
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no geographical names Common words and abbreviation |
.ac.lt .co.lt .go.lt .re.lt |
Dn should be associated with organisation. Normally min 3 letters. 2 letters should not mach CC. |
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.lu |
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.lv |
www.nic.lv/DNS Inst. Of Math and CS |
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Trade marks, service marks, wellknown org and name, Geographic location or object, person’s name, |
.com.lv .edu.lv .gov.lv .org.lv .mil.lv .id.lv (individuals) .net.lv .asn.lv (associations) .conf.lv (conferences) |
DN Owner must be ultimate user of the DN |
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Complete Regulation RFC |
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Documents about Dispute resolution |
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.md |
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.mk |
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.mt |
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.nl |
www.domain-registry.nl Stichnting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland |
A few pages |
Generic names, terms, protocols, services, wellknown names (English - Dutches) Moral reason, geographical missleading (except municipality or Province, or foreign embassy) |
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At least one letter, max - 63 |
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Regulation - GOOD!!! |
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.no |
www.uninett.n0/navn/ NORID |
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One letter DN, two letter not match to CC (except for wellknown 2-letters abbreviation). Only numbers. Geographical names, wellknown acronyms, names, abbreviations. Special list of forbiden names (En and No). Generic names and expressions. |
Geographical SLD listed. Generic SLD. |
STD syntax rules (a-z, 0-9, -). Max 63 characters (RFC 1034). DN must refer name of organisation, TM, SM. Not subdomain under registered domain. Large org. can register own domain under .no Dn names should have national significance wellknown 3-letters abbreviation. 3 national characters transliteration is recommended. |
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!!!Best DN Policy |
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.pl |
www.nask.pl/NASK/net/ NASK |
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DN should be connected to applicant |
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.pt |
www.dns.pt FCCN - Fundacao para a Computacao Cientifica Nacional |
Pt |
Not intersect with registered names not related to applicant. Geographical names reserved for future use. |
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STD Syntax. DN to reflect legal name of organisation. Use of prefixes: Min- for Ministries CM- for municipals CCR- for regional comissions |
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Rules in Word 6.0 of 23 July 1996 |
Special demands for technical equipment. |
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.ro |
www.rnc.ro RNC - Romanian National Research and Development Network |
En |
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.ru |
www.ripn.net/nic/ RIPN |
Partly |
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DN with only digits and bigining digits |
Complete Documenation - Engl and Russian, translation |
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Doc IANA + translation to Russian |
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.se |
www.nic-se.se/ |
Sweden |
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Subdomauns for type of municipal organisations: .fh.se .fhsk.se .fk.se komforb.se kommunalforbund.se .lanarb.se .lanbib.se .lantmen.se .lst.se .ministry.se .naturbruksgymn.se |
STD syntax ?? Unique name of firm, consern. One per organisation Project Geographical Dn are reserved. Private person - under .pp.se Recommendation for DN constructing: reflect name of company or business, or significant part of name; type of service (.transport.se). Geographical subdomains: |
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.si |
www.arnes.si/si-domene/ ARNES |
Not |
MOST STRONG!!! Temporary names (i.e. projects) personal D. Names of press, products, |
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STD Syntax 3-24 characters Recommendation for name construction: independent org. - name-sp Community - its name organisation - name-ustanova, Association - name-drustvo, name-klub, name-zveza. Suborganisation - name1-name2-… Sindicat - name sindikat. |
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Rules (Word 6.0) |
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.sk |
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.tj |
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.tm |
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.tr |
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.ua |
nic.ua.net |
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no restriction |
.com.ua .net.ua .gov.ua edu.ua |
STD Syntax |
2 letters SLD coinciding with CC |
Rules of 1997 |
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.uk |
www.nic.uk Nominet UK JANET (.ac.uk, .gov.uk) |
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2 letters CC 3rd level DN using 2nd level Generic DN in .uk (nhs.co.uk) All TLD in 3rd level DN 1-letter DN |
.co.uk .org.uk .ltd.uk .plc.uk (Public Ltd Co) .net.uk .sch.uk (Schools) .ac.uk .gov.uk .nhs.uk .police.uk .mod.uk (min,of Defence) |
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Base documents (RFCs 1034, 1035, 1122, 1123) |
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Dispute Resolution service (special) |
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.uk |
www.ja.net/documents/naming/ JANET (.ac.uk, .gov.uk) |
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.ac.uk .gov.uk |
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.uz |
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.yu |
ubbg.etf.bg.ac.yu/yu-tld/ |
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.ac.yu .edu.yu .co.yu .org.yu |
STD Syntax .ac.yu .edu.yu .co.yu .org.yu .yu - only for ISP, Gov. institutions, national inst. With special status. BAD Latin-1 (USA) 1 min - 30 max |
1 character DN |
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Testing-?? |
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ccTLD |
Country |
English |
Name restrictions |
Generic SLD/Subdomains |
Recommendations |
DNS weakness |
Documentation |
DNS testing |
Trademarks issues / Dispute resolution |
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